https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Index en-us 5 https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9279 Wed 30 Aug 2017 16:10:52 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3910 Wed 21 Jul 2021 13:46:32 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:28810 Wed 12 May 2021 23:39:11 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3830 randomly methylated-β-CD (RM-β-CD) > β-CD ≈ 2-hydroxypropyl-β-CD (2HP-β- CD) > γ-CD ≥ 2-hydroxypropyl-γ-CD (2HP-γ-CD). An industrially applicable kneading method yielded binary systems with spectral and thermal characteristics similar to the respective physical mixtures, implying weak solid-state inclusion complexation. Preparation of an amorphous nifedipine - RM-β-CD product using a heating method is reported. A 1.7- and 1.9-fold improvement in solid-state nifedipine photostability was observed for I : 1 molar ratio β-CD and γ-CD kneaded products, respectively, when exposed to window-filtered daylight and could be attributed to changes in opacity of the crystalline kneaded products. The remaining cyclodextrins produced negligible nifedipine photostabilization. Nifedipine in vitro dissolution was improved considerably from γ-CD and RM-β-CD .kneaded products as a result of increased nifedipine wettability, solubility and reduced particle size. iii]]> Wed 12 May 2021 23:14:34 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:27176 Wed 12 May 2021 23:12:36 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:2694 Wed 12 May 2021 23:12:31 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:33920 Wed 12 May 2021 23:03:58 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:28260 Wed 12 May 2021 22:54:12 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:8443 Wed 12 May 2021 22:49:02 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1407 Wed 12 May 2021 22:43:54 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3257 .05, in all instances), although the two groups were clearly differentiated on the basis of a history of reported concussions (p = < .05). Video analyses documented the tackling maneuvers observed amongst the players during all matches across the rugby season revealing a sobering average of more than a thousand tackles per player, excluding any contact practice sessions. Five rugby players (n = 5) who were observed to have a head jarring event were also isolated for individualized postconcussive follow-up analysis of their neurocognitive profiles. Measures included the ImPACT Verbal and Visual Memory, Visual Motor Speed and Reaction Time composites and the Purdue Pegboard. Independent and dependent statistical analyses were employed to compare the rugby versus control group neurocognitive test profiles at and between the three test intervals. Correlational analyses explored the association between concussion, tackling and neurocognitive test outcomes. Descriptive comparisons of individual neurocognitive test scores with normative data were employed for the case analyses. Taken together, the results implicated vulnerability amongst club rugby players on the motor and speeded tasks, with less robust indications on the memory tasks. While limited in terms of its small sample size, it is considered that the outcome of the study was rendered more robust by virtue of being methodologically multifaceted with heuristic implications for future research studies in the area. The novel inclusion of tackling data as well as fine-tuned case analyses, were of particular relevance in that regard. The results add to a growing body of literature that implicates deleterious neurocognitive effects in participants of a sport such as rugby due to repetitive head jarring incidents that are intrinsic to the game.]]> Wed 12 May 2021 22:41:51 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11535 Wed 12 May 2021 22:37:31 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:21204 Wed 12 May 2021 22:31:53 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9296 Wed 12 May 2021 22:31:28 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4286 Wed 12 May 2021 22:28:40 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10310 Wed 12 May 2021 22:19:58 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4378 Wed 12 May 2021 20:56:27 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:34348 Wed 12 May 2021 20:55:59 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:8594 Wed 12 May 2021 20:53:05 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10665 Wed 12 May 2021 20:35:59 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5779 Wed 12 May 2021 20:33:10 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9807 Wed 12 May 2021 20:31:17 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3803 Wed 12 May 2021 20:17:28 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10062 Wed 12 May 2021 20:12:28 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:38916 Wed 12 May 2021 20:03:53 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:31264 Wed 12 May 2021 19:56:10 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:38172 Wed 12 May 2021 19:55:33 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4512 Wed 12 May 2021 19:40:46 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:27158 Wed 12 May 2021 19:29:22 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:2233 Wed 12 May 2021 19:15:40 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:38463 Wed 12 May 2021 19:11:48 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:37897 Wed 12 May 2021 19:08:27 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5897 Wed 12 May 2021 18:53:39 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5485 Wed 12 May 2021 18:37:47 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3104 0.05), with the Contact sport groups having markedly higher incidences of concussion than controls (p < 0.000). Measures included the ImPACT Verbal and Visual Memory, Visuomotor Speed and Reaction Time Composites, Digit Symbol Substitution and Digit Symbol Incidental Recall (immediate and delayed), the ImPACT Symptom Scale and a Post-concussion Symptom (PCS) questionnaire. Independent t-tests on cognitive measures at pre-and post-season revealed a predominant trend of Contact and 2+ Concussion groups performing worse, although only ImPACT Reaction Time at pre-season reached significance (p = 0.014). PCS comparisons revealed an overwhelming tendency of enhanced symptoms for Contact and 2+ Concussion groups with total scores being significantly different in most instances at pre-and post-season. Fatigue and aggression were the symptoms most pervasively high for the Contact and 2+ Concussion groups. Dependent t-test analyses at pre- versus post-season, revealed significant practice effects for the Contact group, not in evidence for controls on ImPACT Visual Motor Speed and Digit Symbol Incidental Recall-Delayed. Overall the results imply the possible presence of lingering neurocognitive and symptomatic concussion sequelae amongst South African final year high school participants of a contact sport. The indications gain potency when understood against the background of (i) Brain Reserve Capacity threshold theory, and (ii) the known risk of Type II error in group MTBI research, that might result in under-emphasis of subtle effects and miscalculation of cost-benefit risks. Clinical implications, and the need for prospective case-based research to ratify the results of this predominantly cross-sectional study, are discussed.]]> Wed 12 May 2021 18:30:18 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4001 Wed 12 May 2021 18:20:35 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5799 Wed 12 May 2021 17:59:09 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4588 Wed 12 May 2021 17:37:46 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1635 Wed 12 May 2021 17:26:39 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5655 Wed 12 May 2021 17:24:05 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:35444 Wed 12 May 2021 17:21:24 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1320 Wed 12 May 2021 17:15:03 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5071 Wed 12 May 2021 17:14:24 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5933 Wed 12 May 2021 17:13:05 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10021 Wed 12 May 2021 17:05:50 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:37164 Wed 12 May 2021 16:42:14 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:37161 Wed 12 May 2021 16:41:18 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11223 1, which accounted for 77.317% were extracted, with each factor loading ranging from 0.523 to 0.93. Factor loading after rotation that emerged on the same component was described; as brooding, shelter and care of the chicks; predators and healthcare; hygiene and litter management; feeds and feeding stuff; and record keeping and marketing. The findings on the human resource development revealed that staff meetings were the most common method of capacity development. This was followed by in-service-training, formal study, workshop, and on the job training. The farmers’ field school and study tours were sparingly used. However, respondents were in favor of on-site training, staff meetings, formal study and in-service training. The findings on the appropriate model suggest a theoretical indigenous poultry production model (IPPM) for the Eastern Cape Province (ECP). The “open social system” was used to develop a framework for an indigenous poultry cooperative society (to be known as Abafuyi Benkukhu Zemveli [ABZ]). This was meant to create a binding force for capacity development, a strong economic foundation through equity contributions, creation of marketing channels, and the development of a concept of ‘‘our own'' product in the market. Lastly, the study offers options for a training program that would accommodate the new initiatives, with a strong capacity development training approach. In this context, the study advocates for institutional support for the IPFs and the incorporation of indigenous poultry in the curriculum of the agricultural training programs at higher education institutions in South Africa.]]> Wed 12 May 2021 16:27:48 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5618 Wed 12 May 2021 16:27:43 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9815 Wed 12 May 2021 16:12:17 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:37158 Wed 12 May 2021 16:08:02 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:8417 Wed 12 May 2021 15:57:47 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4680 Wed 12 May 2021 15:54:39 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:40664 Wed 12 May 2021 14:12:23 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:41506 Wed 12 May 2021 14:11:40 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:42580 PdNi-rGO (8.4.%) > PdCo-rGO (6.56%) > Pt (5.7%) which were better than the platinum efficiency in the cobalt redox mediator. The higher efficiency in the cobalt redox mediator relative to the iodine electrolyte illustrates that they are viable alternatives to the, corrosive and volatile iodine. Obtained results show that, the high recombination rates between the photogenerated electrons and the oxidized dye molecule which have been reported to reduce power conversion efficiency in one electron redox mediators did not affect the performance of the cell. However, these higher recombination rates affected the ferrocene electrolyte leading to extremely poor efficiency metrics. The obtained results indicated that reduced graphene oxide supported PdNi-rGO, PdNiCo-rGO as well as the unsupported PdNi3 alloys could successfully be implemented as substitutes to the platinum counter electrode in dye sensitized solar cells. The application of the palladium alloys is vital for improving stability and power conversion efficiency, as well as reducing cost.]]> Wed 12 May 2021 14:01:24 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:40743 Wed 12 May 2021 13:57:30 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:30597 100 km) behaviour, respectively. Further behavioural diversity was observed with ‘resident’, ‘roaming’ and ‘embayment’ contingents identified based on varying levels of affinity to certain habitats. The presence of both resident and migratory individuals within the northernmost study during June and July, combined with available biological information, suggested that area-specific spawning may take place. While PAT, CPUE and CT largely aligned in determining area specific high-area use, results from network analyses and mixed effects models conducted on the PAT data supported the spawning hypothesis, with anomalous behaviour around specific receivers during the spawning season. All fish, regardless of behavioural contingent, displayed similar movement behaviour during the spawning season and this was driven by factors generally associated with reproduction, such as lunar illumination. Interestingly, these drivers were different from those that determined the area specific use of individuals outside of the spawning season. The environmental drivers of longshore migration into the northern study site were identified as a decline in water temperature and shorter day lengths. The results of this study highlight the importance of using a multi-method approach in determining migratory movement behaviour, area specific area use, and stock structure of key fisheries species. The identification of different behavioural contingents highlights the importance of acknowledging individual variation in movement and habitat-use patterns. This is particularly relevant as future climate change and spatiotemporal variation in fishing effort may artificially skew natural selection processes to favour certain behavioural groups. This study also highlighted the importance of scientists forming relationships with resource-users, such as recreational angling lodges in areas where limited research has been conducted. This is particularly relevant within the West African context where little is known about many of the fish species that are being increasingly targeted by tourism angling ventures.]]> Thu 29 Sep 2022 14:25:47 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9453 Thu 13 May 2021 16:14:50 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9379 Thu 13 May 2021 10:32:55 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:26827 Thu 13 May 2021 08:53:07 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5934 Thu 13 May 2021 08:14:57 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10339 Thu 13 May 2021 07:36:07 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:21208 Thu 13 May 2021 07:20:58 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9512 Thu 13 May 2021 07:10:01 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:29448 Thu 13 May 2021 07:09:07 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3721 Thu 13 May 2021 06:49:45 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3699 Thu 13 May 2021 06:37:43 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5212 Thu 13 May 2021 06:33:38 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10603 Thu 13 May 2021 06:19:11 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3341 Thu 13 May 2021 06:13:51 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3944 Thu 13 May 2021 06:01:30 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1792 Thu 13 May 2021 05:56:25 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:20583 Thu 13 May 2021 05:56:13 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1414 Thu 13 May 2021 04:58:41 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5613 Thu 13 May 2021 04:58:04 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5612 Thu 13 May 2021 04:47:54 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3319 Thu 13 May 2021 04:47:52 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11882 0.05) as compared with other solvent extracts. The free radical scavenging activity of the extracts was high even at lower concentrations (0.025 mg/ml) except in DPPH and lipid peroxidation. The ferric reducing potential of the extracts was concentration dependent and significantly different from Vitamin C and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) that were used as standard drugs. The present study showed a high level of scavenging activity of the leaf extracts of Aloe ferox in all the solvent extracts. Both ethanol and methanolic extract showed potent antioxidant activities than acetone and aqueous extracts. The study indicated that the leaf extracts of Aloe ferox might be a valuable source of natural antioxidant for both medicine and food industries. A. ferox leaf consists of the gel, latex and mesophyll layer; however, the main active constituents of the latex and the leaf exudate of Aloe ferox are anthraquinones which are believed to be responsible for the laxative property. The laxative compound in Aloe ferox leaf extract was isolated and characterized by extracting the plant material in methanol and extract suspended in distilled water. Partitioning was done with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and butanol respectively and was co-spotted with the over-the-counter (OTC) laxative drugs. This led to the successive column chromatography and thin layer chromatography (TLC) of the most active ethyl acetate fraction on silica gel with benzene/ethanol/ammonia hydroxide (BEA: 90:10:1), ethyl acetate/methanol/water (EMW: 40:5.4:5) and chloroform/ethyl acetate/formic acid (CEF: 50:40:10) as the mobile phase. The successive chromatograph and TLC afforded two compounds of Rf 0.420 (blue) and 0.831 (yellow) with the over-the-counter (OTC) drugs. These compounds were not totally elucidated due to their small quantity and instability. However, hydroxyl (OH) and carboxyl groups (COOH) was established as common to the extracted compounds, which might be responsible for the biological activity recorded for the plant extract.]]> Thu 13 May 2021 04:36:56 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:38461 Thu 13 May 2021 04:21:04 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5044 Thu 13 May 2021 04:16:34 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9125 Thu 13 May 2021 03:47:03 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11427 Thu 13 May 2021 03:41:16 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1322 Thu 13 May 2021 03:38:15 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5548 Thu 13 May 2021 03:32:45 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5342 Thu 13 May 2021 03:31:37 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:37168 Thu 13 May 2021 03:22:31 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5544 Thu 13 May 2021 02:48:16 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5311 Thu 13 May 2021 02:41:00 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11513 Thu 13 May 2021 02:37:48 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:20670 Thu 13 May 2021 01:58:33 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11415 Thu 13 May 2021 01:50:07 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5763 Thu 13 May 2021 01:50:03 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5818 Thu 13 May 2021 01:43:23 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1212 Thu 13 May 2021 01:38:48 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:39841 Thu 13 May 2021 01:37:25 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:27180 Thu 13 May 2021 01:11:35 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:39219 Thu 13 May 2021 00:41:31 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:27157 Thu 13 May 2021 00:30:30 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:38922 Thu 13 May 2021 00:25:19 SAST ]]>