https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:49969 Wed 31 Aug 2022 15:54:43 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:59285 Wed 30 Nov 2022 11:42:24 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:59284 Wed 30 Nov 2022 09:48:34 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:53885 Wed 27 Jul 2022 12:13:18 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:53877 Wed 27 Jul 2022 11:07:52 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:51441 Wed 25 May 2022 12:14:55 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:51433 Wed 25 May 2022 11:35:35 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58953 Wed 23 Nov 2022 15:34:31 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:62731 Wed 22 Mar 2023 16:13:08 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:52344 Wed 22 Jun 2022 12:41:15 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:50008 Wed 20 Jul 2022 12:45:32 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:52002 Wed 19 Oct 2022 14:21:27 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58535 Wed 16 Nov 2022 09:54:37 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:60229 Wed 14 Dec 2022 11:59:40 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:53405 Wed 13 Mar 2024 14:12:57 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:54560 Wed 10 Aug 2022 18:28:20 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58280 Wed 09 Nov 2022 13:52:34 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58275 Wed 09 Nov 2022 11:17:34 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58265 Wed 09 Nov 2022 08:33:02 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:51916 Wed 08 Jun 2022 12:18:05 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:51915 Wed 08 Jun 2022 11:29:12 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:59812 Wed 07 Dec 2022 09:56:16 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:60251 Wed 04 Jan 2023 09:17:45 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:59198 Tue 29 Nov 2022 10:52:59 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:62032 Tue 28 Feb 2023 15:43:36 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:65790 Tue 25 Jul 2023 16:09:04 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:52812 Tue 23 May 2023 08:52:22 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58186 Tue 22 Nov 2022 16:08:32 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58217 Tue 22 Nov 2022 16:01:03 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58781 Tue 22 Nov 2022 11:04:18 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58742 Tue 22 Nov 2022 08:54:16 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:60248 Tue 20 Dec 2022 09:20:59 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:53407 Tue 19 Jul 2022 22:34:00 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:53404 Tue 19 Jul 2022 17:36:59 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:50002 Tue 19 Jul 2022 15:47:40 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:53383 Tue 19 Jul 2022 14:26:06 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:53360 Tue 19 Jul 2022 11:13:09 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:50010 Tue 19 Apr 2022 09:01:44 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58500 Tue 15 Nov 2022 13:47:58 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58498 Tue 15 Nov 2022 10:56:12 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58489 Tue 15 Nov 2022 09:16:18 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:60126 Tue 13 Dec 2022 10:57:08 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:55973 Tue 06 Sep 2022 12:46:23 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:59751 Tue 06 Dec 2022 10:18:50 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:59651 Tue 06 Dec 2022 09:59:18 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:60249 Tue 03 Jan 2023 13:44:56 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58187 Thu 29 Jun 2023 11:01:03 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58984 Thu 24 Nov 2022 14:04:34 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58970 Thu 24 Nov 2022 09:44:32 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:71630 Thu 22 Feb 2024 04:14:06 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58615 Thu 17 Nov 2022 15:02:45 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58613 Thu 17 Nov 2022 14:26:23 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58582 Thu 17 Nov 2022 11:52:06 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58579 Thu 17 Nov 2022 11:11:45 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:60246 Thu 15 Dec 2022 11:40:39 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:60245 85% HRpeak compared to the 52% and 78% spent at >85% HRpeak during the INTER test and the Dynamic Yo-Yo test respectively. The INTER test produced a greater number of statistically significant correlations with the combined matches compared to the Dynamic Yo-Yo test. When identifying the differences between the variables measured in the INTER test and the Dynamic Yo-Yo test, it was identified that there were many significant differences. Conclusions: Both the Dynamic Yo-Yo and the INTER test can be used by hockey coaches. However, the researcher would recommend the utilisation of the INTER test, because it displayed stronger, more significant correlations to match-play. The set-up of the INTER test is also more convenient as it can be conducted on the astro turf. While, both tests did have some correlations to match-play, additional tests would need to be included in a testing battery to provide coaches with complete profiles of the players in order to assist in team selections.]]> Thu 15 Dec 2022 10:57:51 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:49991 Thu 14 Jul 2022 16:50:43 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:64756 Thu 11 Jan 2024 18:00:54 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:51979 Thu 09 Jun 2022 12:08:09 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:59929 Thu 08 Dec 2022 11:38:02 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58073 Thu 03 Nov 2022 15:26:47 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:66223 Thu 03 Aug 2023 11:15:05 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:50033 Thu 01 Sep 2022 12:17:47 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58292 Sat 12 Nov 2022 08:54:49 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58300 Sat 12 Nov 2022 08:47:50 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58306 Sat 12 Nov 2022 08:44:10 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:54399 Sat 06 Aug 2022 22:47:34 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:54398 1000 cell m L-1 ) of H. akashiwo was present during all but the winter months in the poly- to mesohaline zone, yet it peaked in warmer spring/summer months with a density of ca. 70 000 cell m L-1 corresponding to 800 µg Chl-a L -1 . This species significantly altered the estuary's water quality, causing supersaturated surface- and hypoxic bottom-water during severe HABs or referred to as hypereutrophic bloom phases (> 60 µg Chl-a L -1 ). Despite these changes, the common copepod, Pseudodiaptomus hessei, occurred at similar densities among HAB phases and responded to similar triggers to the HAB. However, a shift in predator-prey interactions within the zooplankton community was evident, with scavenger or opportunist species such as the isopod, Cirolana fluviatilis, and the polychaete, Perinereis falsovariegata, occurring at higher densities during hypereutrophic bloom phases. The overall abundance of juvenile and small adult fishes were high during HABs, but the diversity decreased during HABs. Some species, notably the Mugilidae occurred at lower densities during HABs. Mugilidae also had pronounced histological gill alterations and a lowered proportion of secondary lamellae available for gas exchange during an in situ cage experiment where fishes were isolated inside and outside the HAB. Deformities such as tumorous growths were also found for the first time in a South African Estuary. This indicated a stressed population of Mugilidae in the Sundays Estuary. The ubiquitous mugilid, Mugil cephalus, actively avoided HABs during an acoustic telemetry study, despite having a home range that overlapped the HAB area. Tagged individuals mostly occupied areas directly above the HAB in the upper mesohaline to lower oligohaline zones and only iv briefly transitioned through the HAB area to utilise the lower reaches of the estuary. Since the formation of HABs is reliant on various factors, including specific species responses, environmental variables, nutrient enrichment, and flow characteristics, the impacts of HABs on estuarine communities may vary between estuarine systems or affected species. Therefore, more research that focuses on the impacts of HABs on estuaries is needed to limit the potential loss of ecosystem services. Particularly in light of further unsustainable development, upstream freshwater abstraction and climate change, will cause more frequent and severe HABs, that may result in fish population declines in the long-term. Better management and mitigation strategies are needed to reduce HAB formation such as reducing nutrient enrichment and restoring natural freshwater flow and flooding events to the Sundays Estuary.]]> Sat 06 Aug 2022 22:03:17 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:54397 Sat 06 Aug 2022 21:37:41 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:71963 Sat 06 Apr 2024 14:59:11 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:57635 40) individually, using logistic regression. A strong linear relationship between dNBR and stem fire severity (r2 = 0.69, p < 0.001) confirmed the accuracy of dNBR as a measure of fire severity in Afrotemperate forest. In the fire investigated, 4 628 ha of Afrotemperate forest burnt of which 67% burnt at low severity, 21% at medium severity and 12% at high severity. The dNBR values associated with fire severity categories were comparable between Afrotemperate and North American forests, suggesting that dNBR values are relatively standard across forest types. Information on the distribution of fire severity vi facilitates investigation of further questions regarding past and future fire regimes and the fire ecology of Afrotemperate forest. The post-fire survival rate of Afrotemperate forest trees was 45% which is comparable to that in coniferous forests of North America but lower than that in temperate forests of Australia and Portugal and the neighbouring dune thicket which shares several species with Afrotemperate forest. Fire severity had a significant negative effect on survival and tree size a significant positive effect. Total variance explained by the model (for species collectively) was 40.8%, of which fire severity and tree size combined explained 13.2%, and species as random factor, 27.6%. Respective tree species showed differential survival responses – four species showed high survival (> 60% of individuals), while five species showed low survival (< 40%). This study was the first post-fire assessment of the resprouting ability of Afrotemperate forest trees and a third of the trees surveyed (for species collectively) resprouted from the stem. This suggested that resprouting from the stem is a primary means of post-fire recovery in Afrotemperate forest trees, in contrast with previous assertions that several common canopy species, including Podocarpus latifolius, Afrocarpus falcatus, Scutia myrtina, Scolopia mundii and Rapanea melanophloeos, are unable to resprout. Varying resilience to fire among species supports previous suggestions that fire affects species’ composition and diversity in these forests and calls for careful management of fire regimes in the face of global change.]]> Mon 31 Oct 2022 14:43:48 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:59111 Mon 28 Nov 2022 14:36:14 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:59082 Mon 28 Nov 2022 12:53:11 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:59066 Mon 28 Nov 2022 11:13:57 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:59052 Mon 28 Nov 2022 10:22:45 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:59003 Mon 28 Nov 2022 09:20:46 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58728 Mon 21 Nov 2022 14:45:01 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58616 Mon 21 Nov 2022 09:26:57 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:53331 Mon 18 Jul 2022 13:27:35 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:60504 Mon 16 Jan 2023 12:11:06 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58441 Mon 14 Nov 2022 12:55:51 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:54562 Mon 14 Nov 2022 10:51:23 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58416 Mon 14 Nov 2022 10:35:58 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:52017 Mon 13 Jun 2022 12:24:52 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:60121 Mon 12 Dec 2022 14:51:48 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:60097 Mon 12 Dec 2022 11:56:48 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58218 0.05). The dietary effects of PPPM supplementation on growth performance, digestibility, carcass, and organ weight indices of Cobb 500 birds were determined. The POSCON diet enhanced (p < 0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR) at week 3. The average final body weight and average daily weight gain were highest (p < 0.05) in birds fed PPPM2 and PPPM4 diets, whereas birds fed PPPM2 diet had enhanced (p < 0.05) FCR and protein efficiency ratio when compared with birds on POSCON. Thigh and breast weights were highest (p < 0.05) in birds on PPPM4 and PPPM8 diets, whereas birds fed PPPM4 diet had enhanced (p < 0.05) nutrient digestibility compared with those on POSCON. The antioxidant status and breast meat quality of Cobb 500 broiler birds fed diets supplemented with PPPM were determined. Meat from birds fed PPPM8 diet had the highest (p < 0.05) thawing loss, while cooking loss was lowest (p < 0.05) in the PPPM2 group. The highest (p < 0.05) ability to scavenge ABTS [(2, 2-azinobis (3ethylbenzothiazoline-6 sulfonic acid))] radical cation (ABTS+) was recorded in the PPPM2 and PPPM4 meat while PPPM8 meat had increased (p < 0.05) catalase activity. The fatty acid composition, oxidative status, and drip loss in breast meat of Cobb 500 broiler birds fed graded levels of PPPM was determined. Meat from birds fed PPPM4 diet had the lowest (p < 0.05) margaric (C17:0) and arachidic (C20:0) acids, while meat from birds fed PPPM8 diet had higher (p < 0.05) levels of eicosadenoic (C20:2, n-6) and arachidonic (AA, 20:4) acids. The POSCON had higher (p < 0.05) ability to reduce TBARS levels in meat on day-1 and day-16 of storage than the NEGCON and PPPM diets, whereas TBARS levels were lowest (p < 0.05) in PPPM6 meat on day-16. The gut pH, histology, haematology, serum-biochemical indices, and bone quality parameters of Cobb 500 broiler birds fed diets supplemented with PPPM was determined. Birds fed POSCON, PPM2 and PPPM4 diets had the lowest (p < 0.05) pH in the duodenum, jejunum, and caecum, whereas duodenal pH values were lowest (p < 0.05) in birds fed PPPM2 and PPPM4 diets compared with birds on NEGCON. Birds fed PPPM4 diet had the highest (p < 0.01) duodenal, jejunal and ileal villi height (VH), and the highest (p < 0.01) VH to crypt depth (CD) ratio in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. The lowest (p < 0.05) CD in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum was also recorded in birds fed PPPM4 diet. Birds fed PPPM8 diet had higher (p < 0.05) values for white blood cell count, red blood cell count, haemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume, whereas the lowest (p < 0.05) concentration of serum aspartate transaminase was recorded in birds fed PPPM4 diet. Birds on PPM4 diet had longer (p < 0.05) bones. Bone weight and bone breaking strength were highest (p < 0.05) in birds fed PPPM8 diet. Tibia zinc and iron concentrations increased as the inclusion levels of pomegranate peel powder meal increased. It was concluded that broiler birds require 4 g/kg pomegranate peel powder for enhanced growth performance, nutrient digestibility, gut histology, quality, and antioxidant enzyme activity of meat, whereas 8 g/kg pomegranate peel powder meal supplementation is required for enhanced heamato-biochemical indices, bone quality, fatty acid composition and lipid peroxidative parameters in broiler birds.]]> Mon 07 Nov 2022 15:47:45 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58223 Mon 07 Nov 2022 15:26:26 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58200 Mon 07 Nov 2022 14:17:57 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58094 Mon 07 Nov 2022 08:27:46 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58180 Mon 07 Nov 2022 08:24:03 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:69467 Mon 06 Nov 2023 11:24:14 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:62208 Mon 06 Mar 2023 13:24:05 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:59645 Mon 05 Dec 2022 08:34:37 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:49967 Fri 22 Jul 2022 16:50:31 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:53410 Fri 15 Mar 2024 12:05:51 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:51996 Fri 10 Jun 2022 11:50:14 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:51993 Fri 10 Jun 2022 10:33:13 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:59979 Fri 09 Dec 2022 10:50:52 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58102 Fri 04 Nov 2022 10:46:37 SAST ]]>